Public Relations in media and cultural contexts Free Essay Example, 2000 words

This research poses the question, how is the social media influencing the role of sales persons during their discharge of duties? The author of this discourse hypothesizes that the social media is developing into a standard element of role played by experts in the sales industry. Methodology The author puts into use secondary and primary research to assess the influence of the social media on the role of sales persons in the sales sector while discharging their common duties. Evaluation and analysis of gathered information using both quantitative and qualitative techniques come into perspective while getting information compiled in this discourse. The secondary research technique was effective in helping in the designing and development of the problem statement in this research. Furthermore, it played a significant role in isolating elements of the social media within the levels of sales important for examination. A literature review of journals, articles, textbooks by people on the same topic formed part of the secondary method of study applied in compiling information in this discourse (Misa, 2003, 151). Among analyzed information was the influence of the social media, current state, and future state of the work of sales persons in the sales industry. We will write a custom essay sample on Public Relations in media and cultural contexts or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now Evaluation of secondary research resulted in the formulation of the primary research and in the process developed questions that strengthened the problem statement. One-on-one interviews as well as a general survey among sales persons in the sales sector entailed the primary research applied in this study. The researcher and his assistants distributed research questions on Survey Monkey receiving responses from different practitioner in the communication as well as public relations. The study covered among other things comprehension of the social media, personal involvement with social media, professional engagement with social media, as well clear understanding of the importance of the social media. Improvements of sales by the social media using the public relations theory Description of the Public Relations Theory The discipline of public relations continues to advance and this moves it away from the traditional perspectives of research. Traditionally, the research centered on campaigns, promotional activities, publication of messages, as well as the influence of the mass media on consumers. Various scholars offer bases for the entire process of re-conceptualization of public relations. This entails the management of the aspects of communication within different institutions and the public’s.

The Importance Of Fairy Tales - 1065 Words

Expository All fairy tales continue to be relevant in today’s world. The adventurous stories are continually thriving through the different techniques that writers use including the themes that each tale embraces to draw their readers in and remember them. This allows for the fairy tales to be prevalent to the world today. Before fairy tales were the sources of many movie adaptions, they were only spread word of mouth, where story tellers would share them with their communities. These story tellers would strive to make sure that the stories that they told were remembered by their listeners, because their listeners may then tell their stories to other people. The stories were filled with enthusiastic voices as they pretrained their†¦show more content†¦It makes it easy for them to escape reality for a little bit by imagining a whole new world. The stories each have their own special world that they create for their plot lines and characters. The media then amplifies these worlds so that they are predominant in what we believe them to be (â€Å"The Irresistible Fairy Tale: The Culture and Social History of a Genre† 20). Technology has expanded fairy tales by using all different types of genres and art to embrace them by making it easier and more effective. The tales attract people to listen and pay attention to them as they change and are recreated (â€Å"The Irresistible Fairy Tale: The Culture and Social History of a Genre† 40). Fairy tales are written to be relatable for the everyday person. They stick because they use their characters to reflect the actions of how the human species as evolved. Similarly to when people go through a crisis, the characters of fairy tales adapt to a new situation. They may also use a survival method or have to protect themselves. While the exact circumstances are not the same , the same emotions are played that make people to connect to with their own lives. This allows for a psychological connection to occur (â€Å"Why Fairy Tales Stick: The Evolution an Relevance of a Genre 26). These stories will people with hope since they provide instructions, guidance, counseling, and how others may take advantage of us in their themes. Fairy tales emphasize theShow MoreRelatedThe Importance Of Fairy Tales717 Words   |  3 Pagespurpose of including a moral into a fairy tale is that it teaches the reader a valuable lesson that one may not have understood before. Sometimes children do not listen to their parents when it comes to right versus wrong, but instead look up to fairy tales. For example, in the story, Little Red Riding Hood, the story ends with the girl saying, â€Å"As long as I live, I wont go out of the road into the forest, when mother has forbidden me† (Lusatia). The importance of this story is for young childrenRead MoreThe Importance Of Fai ry Tales782 Words   |  4 Pageswhat fairy tales mean to me as an artist, which is everything. (Ever since I was a child I have been happiest living in the sphere of a story. That in itself is a fairy tale.) I’d also like to demystify the idea that fairy tales are of use only to writers of fantasy or fabulism. I’d like to celebrate their lucid form. And I’d like to reveal how specific techniques in fairy tales cross stylistic boundaries. For while the interpretation of fairy tales is a well-traveled path among writers, fairy-taleRead MoreThe Importance Of Fairy Tales952 Words   |  4 Pagescertain control over the popular reception of fairy tales by determining to a great extent not only the nature of the tales that are made accessible to children, but also the context of their reception† (445). Haase believes that teachers are the problem why children are having a hard time claiming their power over fairy tales. Apparently, teachers hold the power over what children can observe in fairy tales. The perception of teachers who read the fairy tales to children can maneuver through the storyRead MoreThe Importance Of Fairy Tales1754 Words   |  8 Pagesmovies. These stories provide an escape from reality for children and adults alike. Many fairy tales were originally thought to be enchanting and were meant to please a child’s endless imaginations and presents different teachings and morals (Moore 175). In the society seen today, many a spects of life are changing and fairytales have not been adapting consistently to these changes. The biggest contributor to fairy tales today, is Disney. Disney utilizes their popularity by shaping and dominating the worldRead MoreFairy Tales : A Child1739 Words   |  7 Pagesgoing to read your child fairy tales as you did for me when I was a child. As a child I, remember sitting on your lap and listening to you read me fairy tales in funny accents as you tried to put me to sleep, and even adding your own twist to them. By the time you were done with the first story I would want another and another until I was actually asleep. By you reading me fairy tales, when I was a child, it made me closer to you and gave us a special bond. The fairy tales you read to me as a childRead MoreThe Deeper Meanings that Lies in Fairy Tales1121 Words   |  5 Pagesin common fairy tales used to start an adventure. These adventures have been around for years. The importance of some tales might be mo re significant than others, also based on culture. My goal for this paper is to educate my readers with the importance of fairy tales, especially for younger children. Fairy tales have been around for centuries from generations to generations. Different cultures, such as the Japanese and Western, have also expressed them differently. All these fairly tales teach childrenRead MoreEssay about An Analysis of Fairy Tales1684 Words   |  7 Pagesprincesses, beauty, magic, and love, fairy tales like Snow White and Cinderella among others have become children’s favorite bedtime stories. However, as parents tuck their sons and daughters in, they fail to realize that there is a much more daunting purpose to these stories. American writer and poet, Jane Yolen suggests that fairy tales indicate life values. Furthermore, Yolen insists that these tales are â€Å"thumbprints of history† (Yolen 27). Studying fairy tales in depth, she proves that the â€Å"functionsRead MoreFairy Tales by Jakob and Wilhelm Grimm1359 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction: Fairy tales were a big part of my childhood. I started my research on fairy tales written by Jakob and Wilhelm Grimm. Fairy tales often have a character that goes on a journey or an adventure. During his journey he encounters mystical beings that help or hurt the characters success. When I was a child, my grandparents would tell my sister and I stories like â€Å"Jack and the Bean Stalk† and â€Å"Little Red Riding Hood†. My grandfather would always act out the part of the wolf or the giant,Read MoreEssay Fairy Tales Shape Our Childhood and Our Future1252 Words   |  6 Pageswhen each story is told orally, something changes. Each story becomes a little more unique and has a different moral each time it’s told, depending on the storyteller. They teach us about life and help us tell whether or not the story is really a tall tale. Stories have been entertaining us since the beginning of time and they make life just a bit more interesting. Telling fairytales gives us something to do to pass the time and without a story every so often people would become bored and unimaginativeRead MoreThe Tale Of Fairy Tales Essay1507 Words   |  7 PagesFairy tales have been told throughout time ever since gathering of people there’s been demand for telling stories to an audience. What started out as oral tales eventually evolved into written fairy tales. People now began to write stories for the young children that would teach them important life lessons that would be of major importance to them in the years to come. These lessons that were introduced into fairytales played an important role in the development of their unshaped minds because

Bourdieu and social class within the educational system Free Essays

The subject of social class within the educational system seems to be the elephant in the room. Issues of race, gender, discrimination and making safe places are addressed constantly within the pedagogy yet we ignore the realities of social stratification, especially when it comes to the classroom and the curriculum we are expected to teach. According to Bourdieu, the education systems of western societies function in such a way as to legitimatize class inequalities (Bourdieu, 1977). We will write a custom essay sample on Bourdieu and social class within the educational system or any similar topic only for you Order Now Success in the education system is enhanced by the possession of cultural capital (which is etermined the dominate culture) and Lower-class pupils do not, in general, possess these traits. Bourdieu then supposes that the failure of the majority of these pupils is inevitable. This, he postulates, explains class inequalities in educational attainment. , For Bourdieu, educational credentials help to reproduce and legitimatize social inequalities, as higher-class individuals are seen to deserve their place in the social structure. Place in the social structure is not pre determined and education often is a factor in the upward mobility in SES. Muller and his team describe cross-national imilarities and differences in the two steps in which education intervenes in the process of intergenerational class mobility: the link between class of origin and educational credentials attained, and between these credentials and class position allocated to (Muller et al. , 1989). They conclude that the patterns of association between class origin and education, and between education and class destinations are similar across the nine nations. However, the strength of these associations demonstrates cross-national variations. This paper is one of the first comparative tudies of social mobility, which used the data sets collected in the early 1970s from nine European countries investigated in Comparative Analysis of Social Mobility in Industrial Nations (CASMIN) project. Nevertheless, this article supports FJG hypothesis which argues that class origin inequalities in relative mobility chances will be roughly constant across nations . Social mobility, class and education is further explored through a longitudinal study conducted by Johnson, Brett Deary (2009). They proposed that social class of origin acts as ballast, restraining otherwise eritocratic social class movement, and that education is the primary means through which social class movement is both restrained and facilitated, thereby giving weight to Bourdieu’s theory of Cultural Reproduction. They conclude that parental social class attainment contributes to educational attainment, which in turn contributes to participant social class attainment, suggesting that educational attainment contributed to social class stability. Education is important to social mobility and, thus, appears to play a pivotal role in the association between ability and social class attainment. When looking at the relationship between ability and social class attainment, it is useful to also look at the different types of culture capital. Andersen and Hansen (201 1), for example, distinguish between two interpretations of cultural capital: â€Å"narrow’ and â€Å"broad. † The narrow interpretation refers a child’s exposure to ‘high cultural’ products or activities (Bourdieu’s concept ot objectified capital): tor example, having objects of art at home, or a tastefully furnished home, visits to the theatre or art museums, or playing the piano (p. 608). These signs of high culture may not mprove a student’s work in any objective way, but they are rewarded through subjectivity involved in assessing academic performance. The same is true of the broad interpretation of cultural capital, which is â€Å"general linguistic skills, habits, and knowledge, including cognitive skills,† which are â€Å"used in a strategic manner by individuals, who thereby may receive advantages or profits† (p. 608). This kind of cultural capital is passed from parents to children through school work (p. 608). Bourdieu’s description of educational capital encompasses this outlook. One of Andersen and Hansen (2011) implications in schools which supports Bourdieu’s theory of cultural capital is that: â€Å"Students from classes with highest cultural capital will perform the best academically, on each horizontal level† (of social class) (p 611) This is often seen played out when looking at the Socio Economic Status schools. Bankston and Caldas (2009) examine how legal desegregation of American schools starting in the 1950s and 1960s was countered by de facto segregation due to â€Å"social class, residential patterns† and other forms of social marginalization. Since the verage socioeconomic status of a student population affects a school’s educational achievement levels, upper and middle class families eluded and hindered desegregation by moving to different school districts, suburban communities, by choosing private schools etc. Bourdieu’s concept of education through institutional capital sees education as a place where one acquires the skills to enter different positions within the labour force -and those positions in turn determines one’s socioeconomic status.. Bankstone and Caldas state that policy assumes that differences in educational achievements are caused by the concrete schools and in articular by its teaching staff. Schools are believed to determine socioeconomic conditions instead of the other way around. As educators, not only must we be aware that class differences are present in the classroom, but, perhaps, look for ways to minimize the gulf between classes and increase capital culture in those who do not possess as much as others. Technology may be one way to do this. There seems to be a push towards using new technologies in the classroom. Considering class inequality and cultural capital, an educational model that aims to bridge the divide by bringing students together to the ame level of technological proficiency would be desirable. Kapttzke (2000), following a case-study in an Australian school, concludes that integrating student- based projects using information technology is a way to bring students with tech sa’. n. y back from the brink of alienation. Kapitzke states that â€Å"teachers who ignore the texts, identities, skills and interests of the young do so at their own peril. † (p. 0) Faced with a growing techno-cultural capital gap, educators need to â€Å"view students as fellow explorers and co-workers† (p. 60) and possibly working on innovative rojects like revamping a school’s computer network. The student who led the project ended up teaching not only students but teachers too. Not only would cultural capital be affected, it is most likely that a student’s social capita l Conversely, a study done in Californian schools shows a different side of the story. Cuban (2001) and fellow researchers explored the paradox of high access to technology with low real use. This was explained by traditional constraints on teachers such as time and structure, as well as annoying deficiencies in the technologies, such as computer crashes, that limited teachers’ initiatives. The teachers stressed â€Å"that using computers in their classes made demands upon them that made their Job harder. † (p. 828) In the end, â€Å"inadequate time in the daily schedule to plan work together goes to the heart of teacher use of new technologies and their preferred teaching practices† (p. 28) and resulted in the teachers preferring traditional teacher-based discussions, lectures and activities supplemented with some time for technologies. Cuban and his colleagues believe that technology will never revolutionize the classroom; instead, â€Å"historical legacies of high schools in their chool structures and technological flaws will trump the slow revolution in teaching In conclusion, the Kapitzke article highlights an innovative practices† (p. 830 ). way of maximizing tech-sawy students’ cultural capital and thereby pushing for equality and integration. However, as the Cuban article points out, technology will likely be relegated to special projects when deemed appropriate by a teacher relying on various methodologies. While dynamic technologically innovative teaching methods have their place they are not the magic answer to solving cultural capital and class inequalities. How to cite Bourdieu and social class within the educational system, Papers

Media Racism, Sexism, and Stereotyping free essay sample

His wife constantly has to tell him how to take care of the kids. His children outsmart him and are shown to be out of control at times. On the other hand, the middle class family has a calm, brilliant child. He constantly has to give the working class dad guidance in his day to day decision making. The working class dad is represented as a failure at life, at supporting his family, and the main element highlighted in his role is how stupid he is. The middle class dad is always the calmer one, he takes care of everything whenever a crisis arises, he teaches his kids manners, and is shown as a loving husband. I cannot find any examples of middle class men that are portrayed in the same demeaning way as working class men. Butsch’s piece discusses how inferior statuses are represented by using negative stereotypes of minorities, women, old, and young. We will write a custom essay sample on Media Racism, Sexism, and Stereotyping or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page These stereotypes are placed into character roles. The problem with this is that viewers are not consciously thinking about the negative images they are watching and the ways in which it affects their view of the depicted group. Think of children and teens watching shows with such inaccurate representations. They start believing and connecting these made up characters with how the real world works. If blondes or black people are portrayed on television as dumb then teens will assume that all people belonging to this category are of inferior intelligence. Butsch also mentions that television can devalue higher status characters by making them have opposite characteristics. He gives example like men acting feminine and adults acting childish. They often will use this strategy when showing a person with contradicting status positions and the lower status characteristic will overshadow the high status characteristic. This is greatly degrading to both sides. For instance, a man in real life that is very feminine will be thought of as a less than for demonstrating characteristics associated with femininity. This sends the message that acting like a woman is a horrible thing to do because women are the lesser gender. The reading was extremely interesting because you can think of numerous examples in our day to day life of stereotyping and character roles. It is frightening how racist and prejudice these shows can be. With the documented impact that advertising has on our culture, we realize how significant the portrayals of different minority groups in advertising can be. In the case of Native Americans, American advertising has a long tradition of exploiting their image and names in order to sell goods. This commodification and corruption of their names and images leads to distorted views of Native Americans by not only other populations, but by Native Americans themselves. Native Americans â€Å"must† act or look a certain way in order to be â€Å"true† Native Americans. Merskin stated, â€Å"Racial and ethnic images, part of American advertising for more than a century, were created in â€Å"less enlightened times† but have become part of American popular culture and thought and persist to this day† (Merskin, 2001, p. 480). The image that has emerged of Native Americans is â€Å"always alien to white† and, thus, seen as not fully human (Merskin, 2001). As Merskin (2001) wrote in her article, we have, to a great extent, become desensitized to the use of Native American imagery and names in advertising. So much so, that we often do not realize how prevalent this practice still is. I know that I am guilty of this as well. When I first read Merskin’s article I thought she was referencing advertising of the past. Then I opened an old issue of Glamour magazine and found a full color, two-page advertisement for American Spirit cigarettes with its use of an American Indian in headdress in its branding. As I looked at the advertisement with disbelief, I glanced at the bottled water I was drinking from; the bottled water company was Arrowhead. There is certainly something to this notion of Native American imagery playing a negative role in advertising today. Reference Section Butsch, R. (2005). Five Decades and Three Hundred Sitcoms about Class and Gender. The Social Construction of Difference amp; Inequality: Race, Class, Gender, and Sexuality. Merskin, D. (2001). Winnebagos, Cherokees, Apaches, and Dakotas: The persistence of stereotyping of American Indians in American advertising brands. The Social Construction of Difference amp; Inequality: Race, Class, Gender, and Sexuality.